ÉTUDE DES PARAMÈTRES HYDROLOGIQUES ET LEURS IMPACTS SUR LES EXTRÊMES DANS LE BASSIN DU CHÉLIFF

Abstract

Water is a determining factor for many human activities such as agriculture, the production of electricity or the supply of drinking water. It is one of the main factors in the construction of an economy, developed in all countries of the world, facing the dangers associated with it, such as floods and drought. This is one of the greatest challenges of sustainable human development. Climate change is a reality widely recognized today in the scientific community, which facilitates the increase in the frequency and intensity of water-related disasters, considered completely uncontrollable, leading to socio-economic losses. Huge savings. These changes may be due to processes intrinsic to land and human activities. Climate change raises many questions about the future of hydrological extremes, particularly floods. The problematic of the present work is to study the variation of hydropluviometric trends and to describe the evolution observed at the time series of the hydrological extremes of the Ch�liff watershed. In this context, a detailed analysis of the hydroclimatic conditions was carried out over the period 1969-2009 from all available rainfall and hydrometric data. This analysis made it possible to use statistical tests dedicated to the detection of trends of the series. Precipitation has shown significant decreasing trends exceeding 40%, where annual flows represent a clear downward trend in the region. These results ultimately lead to a reduction in water resources in the Ch�liff basin that exceeds 45%. The decrease in rainfall, together with the increase in population at the expense of vegetation cover, is driving trends in increasing the maximum annual flow Qmax and Qpic2 in the North-western basin. Declining trends are recorded in the northern part of the basin, resulting in reduced of rainfall and man-made changes to the basin's watercourses, and in particular the creation of dams.indowId