Résumé:
This study aims to try to understand the degree of integration of
the gender approach in electoral policies, as the most important
modern international mechanisms aimed at reducing the electoral
gap between the sexes, by diagnosing the obstacles encountered in
the process of gendering electoral policies.
By analyzing the reality of gender competition in the legislative
elections in Algeria and Tunisia، it turned out that there is a large
gender gap in the membership of the National People's councils, and
this justifies the efforts of the national actors supporting the adoption
of the fast track in both countries, which was behind the
implementation of the women's quota system in elections following
some successful international experiences in this field, and the
transition to the equitable system despite its failure to achieve gender
equality. Therefore, this study mainly aims to clarify the relationship
between electoral policies and gender through the application of the
women's quota system and the system of parity in the legislative
elections in both countries, even if there is a time disparity, by
assessing the quantitative and qualitative impact of this mechanism on
political representation from a gender perspective in the National
People's councils, and highlighting the legal and institutional
framework supporting it beginning with the acceptance stage and
moving to the recruitment stage to the selection stage.
The nature of the topic requires the collection of research
information and data, their classification, description and analysis;
using several methods, approaches and scientific tools have led us to
the conclusion that the application of the women's quota system in
the elections of the National People's councils has a positive impact
on the quantitative ratios of political representation of gender in both
countries, albeit unevenly, and this is compared with the results of
legislative elections in which the women's quota system was not
applied, and in which the quota system was applied. However, the
increase in the percentage of political representation of gender in the
legislative councils in Algeria and Tunisia has not been matched by a
development in the effectiveness of the representative performance
of women and men, and this is due to the lack of social and
economic empowerment of gender in general and women in
particular.
