Therapeutic Potential and Chemical Composition of Basil Essential Oil

Abstract

Basil essential oil, derived from the leaves of the Ocimum basilicum plant, has been widely recognized for its extensive therapeutic properties. This review highlights its primary bioactive compounds, such as linalool, eugenol, and methyl chavicol, which contribute to its pharmacological activities. The oil exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and analgesic properties, making it a valuable remedy in traditional and modern medicine. Studies have shown its efficacy in reducing symptoms of stress and anxiety due to its calming effects on the central nervous system. Additionally, basil essential oil demonstrates significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, offering potential in the treatment of infections and skin conditions. Its antioxidant properties help in combating oxidative stress, thus protecting cells from damage. Furthermore, the oil has been found to alleviate pain and inflammation, making it beneficial in managing conditions such as arthritis and muscle spasms. This comprehensive review underscores the therapeutic potential of basil essential oil. Further research is warranted to explore its full therapeutic potential and possible applications in integrative medicine.